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Muhammad Yunus (Bangladesh)尤努斯
穆罕默德•尤努斯教授是鄉村銀行運動的發起人和2006年諾貝爾和平獎獲得者。他負責許多為窮人服務的創新項目。他曾經以富布萊特學者身份進入范德堡大學並於1969年獲得經濟學博士學位。他在美國的大學執教了一段時間,很快就回到孟加拉,任教於吉大港大學經濟學系。
1974年,尤努斯博士率先提出了『鄉村政府』概念,這是一種以村民參與為基礎的地方政府形式。事實證明這個概念是成功的,並且在1980年被孟加拉政府采用。1978年尤努斯獲得了Tebhaga Khamar總統獎,Tebhaga Khamar是一種合作社三分農業體制,在1977年被孟加拉政府批准作為打包引入項目。尤努斯博士還以他發明的小額信貸而聞名,為窮人提供小額貸款,是提昇窮人社會經濟條件的催化劑。
尤努斯博士的工作得到了廣泛認可,他先後獲得了諾貝爾和平獎、馬尼拉的拉蒙•麥格塞塞獎、日內瓦的阿卡•汗建築獎、斯裡蘭卡的莫哈默德•沙布丁科學獎、以及美國的世界食品獎。
在孟加拉國內,他獲得過總統獎、中央銀行獎和該國的最高榮譽——獨立日獎。
Professor Muhammad Yunus, founder of the Grameen Movement and winner of the 2006 Nobel Peace Prize, is responsible for many innovative programs benefiting the rural poor. He attended Vanderbilt University on a Fulbright Scholarship and received his Ph.D. in Economics in 1969. He taught briefly in the U.S. before returning to Bangladesh, where he joined the Economics Department at Chittagong University.
In 1974, Dr. Yunus pioneered the idea of Gram Sarker (village government) as a form of local government based on the participation of rural people. This concept proved successful and was adopted by the Bangladeshi government in 1980. In 1978, Yunus received the President」s Award for Tebhaga Khamar (a system of cooperative three-share farming, which the Bangladeshi government adopted as the Packaged Input Program in 1977). Dr. Yunus is also noted for the creation of "micro-credit," which provides "micro" loans to the poor and serves as a catalyst for improving their socio-economic conditions.
Dr. Yunus has received widespread recognition for his work, including the Nobel Peace Prize, the Ramon Magsaysay Award from Manila, the Aga Khan Award for Architecture from Geneva, the Mohamed Shabdeen Award for Science from Sri Lanka and the World Food Prize from the United States. Within Bangladesh, he has received the President」s Award, the Central Bank Award and the Independence Day Award, the nation」s highest honor.
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