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由一個以制造業為核心的地區來引領節能環保,這似乎有一些矛盾之處,但是天津經濟技術開發區(TEDA)正努力實現這樣的成果。
作為高端制造業工業基地,天津經濟技術開發區日前成功申請到一個為期4年的『工業共生項目』,該項目涉及在提高能源利用效率方面開展國際合作以及加強環保。
『「歐盟-濱海產業共生項目」由歐盟和聯合國工業發展組織出資支持』,泰達管委會主任何樹山介紹,『這是泰達第一次申請到這樣一個由國際機構主辦的環保項目。』
工業共生是一種同時保證環境保護和工業可持續發展的新途徑,比如,通過建立一個高效節能供應鏈系統來實現資源最優化配置。
『實現低碳增長模式是一個艱難復雜的過程,尤其當傳統工業仍然佔據經濟主體的時候』,何樹山向記者介紹道。
此項目將持續四年,投資達185萬歐元(248萬美元),其中歐盟投資佔148萬歐元。
歐盟駐華公使Johan Cauwenbergh表示,這個項目將實現環境效益和經濟發展的雙贏。
『轉型為低碳經濟並不容易,但是我們也深知:越晚做出必要的行動,我們的經濟效益就會受到越大的危害』,Cauwenbergh說道。
何樹山表示,天津經濟技術開發區正致力於打造一個高效能源技術與環境保護科技交流的平臺,從而推進環渤海地區低碳經濟的發展。
『我認為在該領域,中國存在著巨大的潛力。為了策劃與落實該項目,聯合國工業發展署中國投資處與泰達及其合作伙伴,自2008年起就進行了密切的溝通和研討,並為此啟動了專項基金。』聯合國工業發展組織首席駐華代表Edward Clarence-Smith介紹道。
據悉,『產業共生項目』已在英國取得了較為成功的經驗。
『歐盟-濱海產業共生項目』已於上月在天津濱海新區正式啟動,其補充項目——天津泰達低碳經濟促進中心也已經進入了運營階段。
天津泰達低碳經濟促進中心將致力於搭建區域低碳經濟服務平臺,共享削減碳排放等方面的技術信息,促進資源有效利用。
『在中國引入這種工業共生模式,可能具有一定的挑戰性,但是如果能夠成功實現,這些經驗將具備向全國推廣的重要意義,並將發揮出巨大的作用。』Smith向記者介紹說。
『目前,中國共有九個交換項目正運行實施,涉及歐盟資金大約1400萬歐元(1876萬美元)。這些項目在生產和采購的過程中體現了環境和社會的可持續發展,涵蓋了各個不同的經濟領域,其中包括節能電動機、綠色環保大樓、木材交易問責制等。』Cauwenbergh說。
在泰達的這個項目中,有超過800個中小型企業及重要跨國公司供應商加入其中,它們之間的協同增效效應將大量減少廢棄物、用水量和二氧化碳排放量的產生,同時,也會為這些企業節省開支。泰達將根據自身的實際需要轉移和采納在英國已成功實施的工業共生項目的措施和系統。
『在提高能源利用效率和保護環境方面,有關低碳科技的專業知識和實踐的相關信息仍然不夠充分,我們中心所要做的就是對這些缺失進行彌補,並提供一個信息共享和交流的平臺。』天津經濟技術開發區管委會副主任張軍說。
『歐盟和中國在節能減排與可持續發展方面的合作,是建立在雙方對該領域的共識之上的。』據Cauwenbergh介紹,歐盟在減少溫室氣體排放、節約能源和能源多樣化等領域,設立了宏大的遠期目標,在促進歐洲經濟轉型、發展節能低碳經濟的意義上,甚至可以稱之為『歐洲的新一次工業革命』。
當Cauwenbergh來中國開展工作之後,令他感到震驚的是:中國和歐盟在能源和環境方面的政策有很多的相同之處。『首先,在能源多樣化和增加再生能源比重這些方面,我們有著相似的目標,對能源密集度和利用效率也有相似的見解。另外,在為車輛、建築和家用電器設立能源排放標准等方面,我們也同樣開設了對太陽能光電板、氫燃料電池、碳捕獲與儲存的研究項目。』
在降低排放量方面,歐盟和中國都擁有限制年度二氧化硫排放量的項目,並且,歐盟和中國對於污水處理、發電廠和交通工具等領域,都有著特定的標准。此外,歐盟和中國還是全球新興碳交易市場中的先行者。
歐盟已經成功引進了世界最大的溫室氣體排放量交易系統,而中國是『清潔發展機制項目』中碳信用額最多的生產國。中國大多數的碳信用額被歐洲公司購買,以減少它們在歐盟排放量交易系統框架下的成本。(中國日報供稿 記者:王鈺)
英文原稿
TEDA strives for energy efficiency with international help
http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/m/tianjin/e/2010-04/12/content_9718398.htm
It seems to be a contradiction for a manufacturing powerhouse to lead the campaign on energy conservation and environmental protection, but Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area (TEDA) is working hard to achieve this.
TEDA, a high-end manufacturing industrial powerhouse, recently won the opportunity to start a four-year industrial symbiosis program, which is one of major projects involving international cooperation on enhancing energy efficiency and strengthening environmental protection.
The program, called the EU Switch-Asia TBNA Industrial Symbiosis Project, will be financed by the European Union and United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO). It is the first time for TEDA to be granted such an environmentally friendly project by international bodies, said He Shushan, director of TEDA Administrative Committee.
Industrial symbiosis is a novel approach to ensuring environmentally sustainable industrial development, such as through establishing an energy-efficient supply chain system.
"It will be a hard and complicated journey to achieve a low-carbon-oriented growth pattern, especially when conventional industries are still dominating the economy," He admitted.
The four-year Switch-Asia project in TEDA will require 1.85 million euros ($2.48 million) in investment, of which the EU will contribute 1.48 million euros.
The project will bring direct environmental and economical benefits, said Johan Cauwenbergh, minister counselor of the European Union.
"The transition to a low-carbon economy will not be an easy one. But we know one thing: The longer we postpone taking the necessary steps, the more it will hurt our economy," Cauwenbergh said.
TEDA is determined to establish itself as a platform for technological exchanges on energy efficiency enhancement and environmental protection, driving the low-carbon-oriented economy forward and stimulating the economic development of the Bohai Bay region, according to He.
"I believe it has great potential here in China. UNIDO's Investment and Technology Promotion Office in Beijing has been working closely with TEDA and its partners since 2008 to design the project and mobilize the necessary funds," Edward Clarence-Smith, representative of UNIDO, said.
The project will replicate approaches that have proven very effective in the United Kingdom.
The EU Switch-Asia TBNA Industrial Symbiosis Project was officially launched in Tianjin Binhai New Area (TBNA) late last month, when a supplementary project, TEDA Low Carbon Economy Promotion Center, started operations.
The TEDA Low Carbon Promotion Center is expected to serve as an information- and technology-sharing platform for carbon emission reduction and energy efficiency enhancement.
Adapting these models to China may prove to be challenging, but if this can be done successfully, they could be further replicated throughout the country and have a tremendous impact, according to Smith.
In total, nine Switch projects are currently running in China, involving a total EU contribution of close to 14 million euros ($18.76 million). These projects are demonstrating environmentally and socially sustainable production and procurement processes in various sectors of the economy, from energy-efficient electric motors to green buildings and responsible trade in timber, said Cauwenbergh.
In the TEDA project, more than 800 small and medium-sized enterprises, suppliers of important multinationals, will be actively involved. The synergies between them will result in important reductions of waste, water, and CO2 emissions, and at the same time will also result in significant cost saving for these companies. The tools and systems, which have proven successful to develop industrial symbiosis in the United Kingdom, will be transferred and adapted to TEDA's requirements.
"Sufficient information on low-carbon technology, expertise and experience are still not available in terms of enhancing energy efficiency and protecting the environment. That is where the center can play a role. It is supposed to serve as a platform for information sharing and exchanging," Zhang Jun, deputy director of TEDA Administrative Committee, said.
Cooperation between the EU and China on energy efficiency and sustainable development is based on common values in this area.
According to Cauwenbergh, the EU has set itself a forward-looking and ambitious objective on reducing greenhouse gas emissions, energy saving and energy diversification. It terms this as the "next industrial revolution in Europe", transforming its economy into an energy saving low-carbon one.
What has struck Cauwenbergh since he started his work in China is the large number of energy and environmental policies that the EU and China have in common.
"First, on energy, we have similar targets in terms of energy diversification and increasing the share of renewable energy. We also have similar targets for energy intensity and energy efficiency. In addition, we have energy efficiency standards for cars, buildings and household appliances. We also have research programs for the development of photovoltaics, hydrogen fuel-cells and carbon capture and storage."
On emission reduction, the EU and China both have programs that limit the amount of sulfur dioxide emitted every year. And the EU and China have specific standards for wastewater treatment, power plants and vehicles. On climate change, the EU and China are the two leading players in the emerging global carbon market.
The EU has successfully introduced the world's biggest greenhouse gas emissions trading system and China is the biggest producer of carbon credits from CDM projects, most of which are bought by European companies in order to reduce their cost of compliance with the EU emissions trading system.
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